Global earthquakes have a significant impact on the environment and economy. This natural phenomenon not only affects the physical structure, but also changes the social and economic landscape in the affected areas. The damage caused by earthquakes can lead to loss of livelihoods, displacement, and extensive damage to infrastructure. The environmental impacts of earthquakes are extensive. When an earthquake occurs, the land can experience landslides or liquefaction, which results in changes in the physical shape of the earth’s surface. The movement of tectonic plates causes changes in local ecosystems. For example, river channels can be diverted, resulting in flooding in certain areas, or even drought in other areas. Fauna and flora life can also be affected. Damaged habitat can cause the extinction of certain species, and will take a long time to recover. From an economic perspective, earthquakes have detrimental consequences. Damage to infrastructure such as roads, bridges and buildings can hamper economic activities. Companies that are forced to stop operations face huge losses. Apart from that, the tourism sector could also be affected, where tourist locations affected by the earthquake experience a decrease in the number of visitors, impacting local income. Post-earthquake reconstruction costs are very high. The government and institutions have to allocate budgets for rehabilitation, which sometimes takes years. Resources that should be used for development and public services must be diverted to repairing the damage caused by this disaster. On a global scale, earthquakes also impact energy markets. Earthquakes can damage oil and gas production facilities, causing fluctuations in energy prices around the world. Countries that depend on natural resource exports must consider the resilience of their economies in the face of disasters such as earthquakes. Mitigation measures are important to reduce the impact of earthquakes. Public education regarding disaster preparedness is very crucial. Local and national governments need to invest in earthquake-resistant infrastructure and spatial planning that takes into account the potential for disasters. Improving early warning systems is also critical to ensuring public safety. Technological innovations, such as geological risk mapping and the use of seismic monitoring tools, can assist in mitigation efforts and provide outreach to the community. With the right strategy, the effects of earthquakes can be minimized, both from an environmental and economic perspective, and strengthen community resilience to future disasters. In conclusion, the effects of earthquakes are multifaceted, affecting the environment and the economy simultaneously. A deep understanding of their impacts and the implementation of effective mitigation measures are key to protecting communities and natural resources from the threats posed by seismic events. Planned mitigation and reconstruction activities will help speed up recovery and maintain ecosystem balance and long-term economic stability.